Yes, the M4 Mac Mini Stand & Hub with NVMe Enclosure works with other SSDs as long as the drive meets all of these requirements:

• NVMe M.2 PCIe SSD (M.2 SATA SSDs are not supported)
• Size 2230, 2242, 2260, or 2280
• Maximum capacity of 4TB
• No heatsink and not double-sided

SSDs with a heatsink and double-sided SSDs do not fit the enclosure, even if they meet the other requirements.